{"id":1146,"date":"2018-04-30T13:24:58","date_gmt":"2018-04-30T13:24:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/?p=1146"},"modified":"2023-10-19T14:26:33","modified_gmt":"2023-10-19T14:26:33","slug":"%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9%ce%b1-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%ce%b1-%cf%84%cf%81%ce%af%ce%b1-%ce%b5%cf%80%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b4%cf%85%ce%bd%ce%b1-%ce%b5%ce%bd%cf%84%ce%bf%ce%bc%ce%bf%ce%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9%ce%b1-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%ce%b1-%cf%84%cf%81%ce%af%ce%b1-%ce%b5%cf%80%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b4%cf%85%ce%bd%ce%b1-%ce%b5%ce%bd%cf%84%ce%bf%ce%bc%ce%bf%ce%ba\/","title":{"rendered":"\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7 \u0395\u0395;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u03a4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 2013,&nbsp;\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac&nbsp;\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/oreinomeli.files.wordpress.com\/2018\/04\/pesticides.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4362\" src=\"https:\/\/oreinomeli.files.wordpress.com\/2018\/04\/pesticides.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2: \u03b9\u00b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 (Imidacloprid) \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Bayer CropScience, \u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (Clothianidin) \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Takeda Chemical Industries \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Bayer CropScience, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03be\u03ac\u03bc\u03b7 (Thiamethoxam) \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Syngenta. \u0397 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03ae\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03cc\u03c1\u03bf \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b2\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03b7\u03c0\u03af\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2; \u0397 <strong>\u03b9\u00b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"\">\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/span><\/span> <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"\">\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9<\/span><\/span> \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0&#8217; \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"\">\u03b8\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba<\/span><\/span>\u03ac. \u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"To members of the species Apis mellifera, the western honey bee, imidacloprid is one of the most toxic chemicals ever created as an insecticide.\">Apis mellifera<\/span><\/span> \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"To members of the species Apis mellifera, the western honey bee, imidacloprid is one of the most toxic chemicals ever created as an insecticide.\">\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad<\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a7<span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Imidacloprid was first widely used in the United States in 1996 as it replaced three broad classes of insecticides.\">\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5<\/span><\/span> <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Imidacloprid was first widely used in the United States in 1996 as it replaced three broad classes of insecticides.\">\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u0397\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2<\/span><\/span> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 1996, <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Imidacloprid was first widely used in the United States in 1996 as it replaced three broad classes of insecticides.\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd.<\/span><\/span> \u03a4\u03bf 2006 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0397\u03a0\u0391 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"In 2006, U.S. commercial migratory beekeepers reported sharp declines in their honey bee colonies.\">\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bb\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd, \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac <span title=\"however unlike as was the case in previous losses, adult bees were abandoning their hives.\">\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bb\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 <span title=\"Scientists named this phenomenon colony collapse disorder (CCD).\">\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ae \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (CCD) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd <span title=\"Although no single factor has been identified as causing CCD, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) in their progress report on CCD stated that CCD may be &quot;a syndrome caused by many different factors, working in combination or synergistically.&quot;[27]\">\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b7&nbsp;\u03b9\u00b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd <span title=\"Several studies have found that sub-lethal levels of imidacloprid increase honey bee susceptibility to the pathogen Nosema.[28][29][30]\n\n\">\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf Nosema, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 <span class=\"st\">\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/span> \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1.<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/oreinomeli.files.wordpress.com\/2018\/04\/imidacloprid.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4361\" src=\"https:\/\/oreinomeli.files.wordpress.com\/2018\/04\/imidacloprid.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"322\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 <strong>\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"\">\u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4<\/span><\/span>\u03ad\u03c2 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"\">\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf<\/span><\/span> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"\">\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd<\/span><\/span>. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"\">\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf<\/span><\/span> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"\">\u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd.<\/span><\/span> \u039c\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf 2012 \u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03b4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 6930 \u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2. \u0394\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd 19 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1!<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Since clothianidin is a systemic pesticide that is taken up by the plant, there is also potential for toxic chronic exposure resulting in long-term effects to bees and other pollinators from clothianidin residue in pollen and nectar.\">\u0394\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7<\/span><\/span> \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Since clothianidin is a systemic pesticide that is taken up by the plant, there is also potential for toxic chronic exposure resulting in long-term effects to bees and other pollinators from clothianidin residue in pollen and nectar.\">\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9<span title=\"According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in addition to potential effects on worker bees, there are also concerns about lethal and\/or sub-lethal effects in the larvae and reproductive effects in the queen from chronic exposure.\"> \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 <strong>\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03be\u03ac\u03bc\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"\">\u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4<\/span><\/span>\u03ad\u03c2 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"\">\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf. \u0397 <span>\u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u039f\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03a4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/span> \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c2 <span title=\"The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the U.N. assessed thiamethoxam as &quot;moderately hazardous to humans (WHO class III)&quot;, because it is harmful if swallowed.\">\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd<\/span>\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 <span title=\"FAO described thiamethoxam as non-toxic to fish, daphnia and algae, mildly toxic for birds, highly toxic to midges and acutely toxic for bees.[7]:20 The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) classification is:\">\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac<\/span>, <span title=\"&quot;Harmful if swallowed. Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects&quot;.[7]:20\n\n\">\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <span title=\"FAO described thiamethoxam as non-toxic to fish, daphnia and algae, mildly toxic for birds, highly toxic to midges and acutely toxic for bees.[7]:20 The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) classification is:\">\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/span> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf PLoS One \u03c4\u03bf 2012 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd <span title=\"Both substances led to a significant reduction of foraging activity and to longer foraging flights at doses of \u22650.5 ng\/bee (clothianidin) and \u22651.5 ng\/bee (imidacloprid) during the first three hours after treatment.\">\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 <\/span>\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <span title=\"Doses of equal or more than 0.5 ng\/bee caused longer foraging flights.[10]\n\n\">\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"However, the pesticide manufacturers and some farming groups have accused the EU of being overly cautious and suggested crop yields could fall, a claim rejected by others.\">\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b8\u03bb\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c6\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2&nbsp; \u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b5\u03af \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1. <\/span><\/span><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"However, the pesticide manufacturers and some farming groups have accused the EU of being overly cautious and suggested crop yields could fall, a claim rejected by others.\">\u039a\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 <\/span><\/span><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"However, the pesticide manufacturers and some farming groups have accused the EU of being overly cautious and suggested crop yields could fall, a claim rejected by others.\">\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2. \u039f \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u03a4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 2013,&nbsp;\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac&nbsp;\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1. \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2: \u03b9\u00b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 (Imidacloprid) \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Bayer CropScience, \u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 (Clothianidin) \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Takeda Chemical Industries \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Bayer CropScience, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03be\u03ac\u03bc\u03b7 (Thiamethoxam) \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Syngenta. \u0397 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4,9],"tags":[24,179,51],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1146"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1146"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1146\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1147,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1146\/revisions\/1147"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1146"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1146"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1146"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}