{"id":165,"date":"2015-05-29T06:49:38","date_gmt":"2015-05-29T06:49:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/?p=165"},"modified":"2025-04-27T15:20:31","modified_gmt":"2025-04-27T15:20:31","slug":"%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%bc%ce%b5%ce%bb%cf%89%ce%bc%ce%ad%ce%bd%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%ac%ce%bd%ce%b8%cf%81%cf%89%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%bc%ce%b5%ce%bb%cf%89%ce%bc%ce%ad%ce%bd%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%ac%ce%bd%ce%b8%cf%81%cf%89%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u039f\u03b9 \u039c\u03b5\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u0386\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u03a4\u03bf\u03c5 Paul Salopek<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Three years ago, on the banks of the Alazani River in the former Soviet republic of Georgia, the archaeologist Zurab Makharadze cut into a 40-foot-high burial mound that bulged above the surrounding green farmland.\n\n\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd Alazani \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03a3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b9\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 Zurab Makharadze<\/span><\/span>, \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"In the Caucasus, a Bronze Age site hints at embalming with honey.\n\n\">\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oreinomeli.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/05\/mellification1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-555\" src=\"https:\/\/oreinomeli.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/05\/mellification1.jpg\" alt=\"mellification1\" \/><\/a>\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 4000 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9.<br \/>\n\u03a6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0395\u03b8\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"\u201cOne of our botanists noticed it first,\u201d Makharadze said of the odor wafting up from some of the unearthed artifacts.\">&#8220;<em>\u039c\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2<\/em><\/span><\/span><em> \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7<\/em>&#8221; <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"\u201cOne of our botanists noticed it first,\u201d Makharadze said of the odor wafting up from some of the unearthed artifacts.\">\u03b4\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf Makharadze<\/span><\/span>. <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"\u201cShe was in the laboratory, working her microscope.\">&#8220;<em>\u0389\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ac<\/em><\/span><span title=\"She started smiling.\u201d\n\n\"><em>\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac<\/em>.&#8221; <\/span><\/span><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"The samples, in this case, were wild berries\u2014offerings left for the entombed dead.\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1<\/span><\/span>, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2. <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Their aroma: thick and intensely sweet, but with musky undertones, with hints of molasses.\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/span><\/span> \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Their aroma: thick and intensely sweet, but with musky undertones, with hints of molasses.\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03b9\u03ac \u03b3\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2. <span title=\"The berries were astonishingly well preserved.\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cc\u03ba\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd <span title=\"They were 4,300 years old.\">4300<\/span> \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd! \u0395\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oreinomeli.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/05\/mellification2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-557\" src=\"https:\/\/oreinomeli.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/05\/mellification2.jpg\" alt=\"mellification2\" \/><\/a>\u039f <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"hps\">\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2<\/span> <span class=\"hps\">Zurab<\/span> <span class=\"hps\">Makharadze \u03bc\u03b5 \u03be\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 4000 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"hps\">\u03a6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Paul Salopek<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2, <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Other items found inside the Bronze Age grave site, called Ananauri 3, were far more spectacular: In a collapsed burial chamber built of logs sat two full-size wagons, complete with ox yokes (domesticated horses had yet to arrive in the south Caucasus during\">\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 Ananauri 3, \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, \u03b2\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd <span title=\"beautiful golden jewelry;\">\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03ac \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, <span title=\"amber beads traded either from the Baltic region or India;\">\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/span> (\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0&#8217; \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af <span title=\"Whoever lay buried inside the mound had been an important chief or religious leader.\">\u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ae \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2. \u039c\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ad\u03be\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9, \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03bf\u03b9. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u039f <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Other items found inside the Bronze Age grave site, called Ananauri 3, were far more spectacular: In a collapsed burial chamber built of logs sat two full-size wagons, complete with ox yokes (domesticated horses had yet to arrive in the south Caucasus during\">Ananauri 3<\/span><\/span> \u03c1\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Ananauri 3 will add richly to our knowledge of an obscure people called the Martkopi and Bedeni, who farmed grains and raised cattle in the waning centuries of a vast Transcaucasian civilization known as the Araxes-Kura culture.\">Martkopi \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Bedeni<\/span><\/span>. <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Ananauri 3 will add richly to our knowledge of an obscure people called the Martkopi and Bedeni, who farmed grains and raised cattle in the waning centuries of a vast Transcaucasian civilization known as the Araxes-Kura culture.\">\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b2\u03bf\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c0\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c5\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c9\u03c2 Araxes-Kura. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03be\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3&#8217; \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 <span title=\"Three years ago, on the banks of the Alazani River in the former Soviet republic of Georgia, the archaeologist Zurab Makharadze cut into a 40-foot-high burial mound that bulged above the surrounding green farmland.\n\n\">Makharadze<\/span> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4<span title=\"But what struck me, as Makharadze laid out his immensely old treasures on a table at the Otar Lordkipanidze Archaeology Center in Tbilisi, was a delicious biological grace note: The task of archaeologists has been assisted by prehistoric bees.\n\n\">\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"But what struck me, as Makharadze laid out his immensely old treasures on a table at the Otar Lordkipanidze Archaeology Center in Tbilisi, was a delicious biological grace note: The task of archaeologists has been assisted by prehistoric bees.\n\n\">\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<em>\u039f \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2<\/em><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"\u201cWet clay kept many of the artifacts from rotting,\u201d said Makharadze, a big, shy, red-faced man with a bull chest and the square jaw of a boxer.\"><em> \u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7.<\/em>&#8221; <span title=\"\u201cOne of our botanists noticed it first,\u201d Makharadze said of the odor wafting up from some of the unearthed artifacts.\">\u03b4\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf Makharadze<\/span>. &#8220;<em>\u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ae\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd.<\/em>&#8221; <span title=\"Not only the wild berries\u2014ground cherries\u2014but also bushels of other ceremonial offerings in the tomb, such as hazel nuts, were slathered in honey.\">\u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1. \u0392<\/span>\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <span title=\"Not only the wild berries\u2014ground cherries\u2014but also bushels of other ceremonial offerings in the tomb, such as hazel nuts, were slathered in honey.\">\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1<\/span> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c6\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9. <span title=\"This was done to supply the souls of the departed with all the sustenance and tools they would require in a better world.\n\n\">\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd <\/span><span title=\"This was done to supply the souls of the departed with all the sustenance and tools they would require in a better world.\n\n\">\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Walking for more than two years north from Africa into the Middle East, and then east from Turkey into the Caucasus, a key caloric ingredient of this strange journey has been local honey.\">\u03b2\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae <\/span><\/span><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Walking for more than two years north from Africa into the Middle East, and then east from Turkey into the Caucasus, a key caloric ingredient of this strange journey has been local honey.\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039a\u03b1\u03cd\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf <span class=\"hps\">\u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/span> <span class=\"hps\">\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5<\/span> \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u0391\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03af\u03b1 <span title=\"In hot Arabia, I ate desert honey as clear as air.\">\u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03b1<\/span> \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03cd \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 <span title=\"In the icy mountains of Anatolia, I ate old, crystallized honey that looked like snow.\">\u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03cc, \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9.<\/span> \u03a4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03c9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c6\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oreinomeli.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/05\/mellification3.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-558\" src=\"https:\/\/oreinomeli.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/05\/mellification3.jpg\" alt=\"mellification3\" \/><\/a><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"hps\">\u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1<\/span> <span class=\"hps\">\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac<\/span> <span class=\"hps\">\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf Ananauri 3. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<br \/>\n\u03a6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0395\u03b8\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Honey, of course, has been touted for millennia as a cure-all.\n\n\">\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2<\/span><\/span>. \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0388\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 <strong>\u03b5<\/strong><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Honey's extremely high sugar content acts much like salt: It sucks water from bacteria, essentially drying the microbes to death.\"><strong>\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong> \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ac\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1<\/span><\/span> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9. \u039c\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd. <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Honey also contains small amounts of hydrogen peroxide, which of course is antiseptic.\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. <\/span><\/span>\u0392\u03ac\u03bb\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Slather honey on wild berries, then, or on nuts, and you create the perfect afterlife snack\u2014food with a shelf life that is eternal.\">\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/span> \u03c3\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Herodotus noted that the ancient Assyrians embalmed their dead in honey.\">\u039f \u0397\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/span> \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Herodotus noted that the ancient Assyrians embalmed their dead in honey.\">\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u0391\u03c3\u03c3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 <\/span><\/span>\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c7\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9. <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"hps\">\u039a\u03b1\u03b9<\/span> <span class=\"hps\">\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5<\/span> <span class=\"hps\">\u03c4\u03bf 323<\/span> <span class=\"hps\">\u03c0.\u03a7.<\/span>, <span class=\"hps\">\u03bf \u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2 \u0391\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/span> <span class=\"hps\">\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1<\/span> <span class=\"hps\">\u03b2\u03c5\u03b8\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5<\/span> <span class=\"hps\">\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03ae<\/span> <span class=\"hps\">\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf<\/span> <span class=\"hps\">\u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7<\/span> <span class=\"hps\">\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u00ab\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u00bb. \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (<em data-start=\"80\" data-end=\"95\">mellification<\/em>);<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"According to Li Shizhen, the 16th-century Chinese apothecary and author of the monumental Bengcao gangmu\u2014a compendium of exotic cures that features decoctions of dragon bones and ground up human hair\u2014mellification was a practice whereby certain altruistic volunteers, usually aged holy men from\">\u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039b\u03b9 \u03a3\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5\u03bd (Li Shizhen)<\/span><\/span>, \u039a\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03b6\u03bf <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"According to Li Shizhen, the 16th-century Chinese apothecary and author of the monumental Bengcao gangmu\u2014a compendium of exotic cures that features decoctions of dragon bones and ground up human hair\u2014mellification was a practice whereby certain altruistic volunteers, usually aged holy men from\">\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 Bencao gangmu, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 16\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b7\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03af \u03ac\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <span title=\"Arabia, sacrificed themselves by ingesting nothing but honey until they sweated honey, shat honey, bled honey: Until they died.\">\u0391\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ac\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9,<\/span> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9. \u0388\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9, \u03ad\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc, \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ad\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03b1\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, <span title=\"Their sugar-crystallized bodies were then immersed in huge jars of honey for a century.\">\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c5\u03b8\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 100 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03bb\u03cd\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1. \u039f \u039c\u03b5\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u0386\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc \u03b3\u03bb\u03cd\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u00a0\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u00a0\u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u00a0\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03cd\u03b8\u03bf \u03ae \u03bb\u03b1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u2013 \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03ae \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u039f \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"According to Li Shizhen, the 16th-century Chinese apothecary and author of the monumental Bengcao gangmu\u2014a compendium of exotic cures that features decoctions of dragon bones and ground up human hair\u2014mellification was a practice whereby certain altruistic volunteers, usually aged holy men from\">\u039b\u03b9 \u03a3\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5\u03bd<\/span><\/span> \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 <em data-start=\"1251\" data-end=\"1300\">&#8220;\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ae \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"The nameless dead within the Ananauri 3 mound were mummified in honey.\n\n\">\u039f \u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Ananauri 3<\/span><\/span> <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"The nameless dead within the Ananauri 3 mound were mummified in honey.\n\n\">\u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<em>\u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/em>&#8221; \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"\u201cWet clay kept many of the artifacts from rotting,\u201d said Makharadze, a big, shy, red-faced man with a bull chest and the square jaw of a boxer.\"><span title=\"\u201cOne of our botanists noticed it first,\u201d Makharadze said of the odor wafting up from some of the unearthed artifacts.\">Makharadze &#8220;<em>\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u00a0\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u00a0\u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03ce\u03bd.<\/em>&#8220;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae: <a href=\"https:\/\/outofedenwalk.nationalgeographic.org\/2015-05-honey-im-dead\/\" data-wplink-edit=\"true\">National Geographic<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u03a4\u03bf\u03c5 Paul Salopek \u03a0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd Alazani \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03a3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b9\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 Zurab Makharadze, \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 4000 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9. \u03a6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0395\u03b8\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 &#8220;\u039c\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4,6],"tags":[75,76],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=165"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2020,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165\/revisions\/2020"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=165"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=165"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=165"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}