{"id":854,"date":"2017-02-05T09:36:25","date_gmt":"2017-02-05T09:36:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/?p=854"},"modified":"2023-05-09T08:39:16","modified_gmt":"2023-05-09T08:39:16","slug":"%ce%b7-%ce%b5%ce%be%ce%ad%ce%bb%ce%b9%ce%be%ce%b7-%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%ba%ce%bf%ce%b9%ce%bd%cf%89%ce%bd%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%ae%cf%82-%ce%bc%ce%ad%ce%bb%ce%b9%cf%83%cf%83%ce%b1%cf%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/%ce%b7-%ce%b5%ce%be%ce%ad%ce%bb%ce%b9%ce%be%ce%b7-%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%ba%ce%bf%ce%b9%ce%bd%cf%89%ce%bd%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%ae%cf%82-%ce%bc%ce%ad%ce%bb%ce%b9%cf%83%cf%83%ce%b1%cf%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0397 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"\">\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2<\/span> \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba<\/span>\u03ad\u03c2, <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\">\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd. \u039c\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf&nbsp;\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 10 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 <span class=\"\">\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/span> <span class=\"\">\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2<\/span> \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03ce\u03bd. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oreinomeli.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/02\/bee-hotel.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3202\" src=\"https:\/\/oreinomeli.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/02\/bee-hotel.jpg\" alt=\"bee-hotel\" width=\"640\" height=\"425\"><\/a>\u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, <span class=\"\">\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd&nbsp;\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc Science, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd&nbsp;\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c3&#8217; \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7&nbsp;\u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u00b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.&nbsp;<span class=\"st\">\u00ab<em>\u039f\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/em>\u00bb \u03b4\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf Laurent Keller&nbsp;\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039b\u03c9\u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2.<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"While humans are highly social, cooperative creatures, people are not eusocial.\">\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/span><\/span> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"A key feature of eusociality is the confinement of reproduction to select individuals\u2014such as the queen in the case of bees.\">\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/span><\/span> \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"A key feature of eusociality is the confinement of reproduction to select individuals\u2014such as the queen in the case of bees.\">\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2<\/span><\/span> \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 (\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1) \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"The switch from solitary living to eusociality, much like the transition from unicellular to multicellular organisms, \u201cis one of the major transitions in evolution,\u201d said Karen Kapheim of Utah State University who led the study.\">\u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2. <span class=\"\"><span class=\"st\">\u00ab<em>\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>\u00bb \u03b4\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7 Karen Kapheim \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oreinomeli.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/02\/queen-bee.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3203\" src=\"https:\/\/oreinomeli.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/02\/queen-bee.jpg\" alt=\"queen-bee\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\"><\/a>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Indeed, some eusocial groups have even been referred to as superorganisms, Kapheim said, \u201cbecause they function like a multicellular organism where the queen could be thought of as a gamete .\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9, \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd<\/span><\/span>\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Indeed, some eusocial groups have even been referred to as superorganisms, Kapheim said, \u201cbecause they function like a multicellular organism where the queen could be thought of as a gamete .\">\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 <\/span><\/span>\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"Indeed, some eusocial groups have even been referred to as superorganisms, Kapheim said, \u201cbecause they function like a multicellular organism where the queen could be thought of as a gamete .\">\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1<\/span><\/span> \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b7 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"And, much like gene expression increases or decreases across different cell types in multicellular organisms, some researchers have predicted that the evolution of eusociality would require a species to increase its capacity to regulate genes in individuals.\">\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/span><\/span> \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"And, much like gene expression increases or decreases across different cell types in multicellular organisms, some researchers have predicted that the evolution of eusociality would require a species to increase its capacity to regulate genes in individuals.\">\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2<\/span><\/span><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"And, much like gene expression increases or decreases across different cell types in multicellular organisms, some researchers have predicted that the evolution of eusociality would require a species to increase its capacity to regulate genes in individuals.\">, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span class=\"\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9, \u03b7 <span title=\"The switch from solitary living to eusociality, much like the transition from unicellular to multicellular organisms, \u201cis one of the major transitions in evolution,\u201d said Karen Kapheim of Utah State University who led the study.\">Kapheim \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c3\u03b5 10 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b5\u03ba \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b6\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 <span title=\"And, much like gene expression increases or decreases across different cell types in multicellular organisms, some researchers have predicted that the evolution of eusociality would require a species to increase its capacity to regulate genes in individuals.\">\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/span>. <span title=\"The analyses revealed a \u201cclear pattern of increased potential for gene regulation\u201d in both evolutionary branches of eusocial bees, Kapheim told The Scientist.\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/span> <span title=\"The analyses revealed a \u201cclear pattern of increased potential for gene regulation\u201d in both evolutionary branches of eusocial bees, Kapheim told The Scientist.\">\u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf <span title=\"potential \">\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba<\/span>\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 <\/span><\/span>\u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u00b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 <span title=\"The analyses revealed a \u201cclear pattern of increased potential for gene regulation\u201d in both evolutionary branches of eusocial bees, Kapheim told The Scientist.\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4<\/span>\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 <span title=\"The analyses revealed a \u201cclear pattern of increased potential for gene regulation\u201d in both evolutionary branches of eusocial bees, Kapheim told The Scientist.\">\u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2<\/span> \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 <span title=\"The analyses revealed a \u201cclear pattern of increased potential for gene regulation\u201d in both evolutionary branches of eusocial bees, Kapheim told The Scientist.\">\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/span> \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"> <span title=\"\u201cThe study suggests that there has been an increase in the complexity of gene regulation with increased social complexity,\u201d said insect sociogenomics researcher Amy Toth of Iowa State University who was not involved in the work. \">\u00ab<em>\u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/em><span title=\"The switch from solitary living to eusociality, much like the transition from unicellular to multicellular organisms, \u201cis one of the major transitions in evolution,\u201d said Karen Kapheim of Utah State University who led the study.\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"st\">\u00bb&nbsp;\u03b4\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7&nbsp;Amy Toth \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03ca\u03cc\u03b2\u03b1.&nbsp;<span title=\"But perhaps the most surprising result, said Kapheim, was that \u201cthe independent transitions that we studied really seemed to be independent.\">\u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf<\/span> \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd&nbsp;<span title=\"But perhaps the most surprising result, said Kapheim, was that \u201cthe independent transitions that we studied really seemed to be independent.\">Kapheim<\/span>, \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd&nbsp;<span title=\"But perhaps the most surprising result, said Kapheim, was that \u201cthe independent transitions that we studied really seemed to be independent.\">\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2&nbsp;\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac&nbsp;\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.&nbsp;<span title=\"We don\u2019t see a whole lot of evidence for convergent evolution.\u201d That is, although the overall genomic signatures of eusociality were similar irrespective of origin, the genes involved were different. \">\u0394\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae<\/span> \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd&nbsp;\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 <span title=\"We don\u2019t see a whole lot of evidence for convergent evolution.\u201d That is, although the overall genomic signatures of eusociality were similar irrespective of origin, the genes involved were different. \">\u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9<\/span>\u03bf&nbsp;<span title=\"We don\u2019t see a whole lot of evidence for convergent evolution.\u201d That is, although the overall genomic signatures of eusociality were similar irrespective of origin, the genes involved were different. \">\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"\u201cThe next step would be to broaden the comparison to a wider variety of social species.\u201d For example, \u201cthis could be done with primates,\u201d she said.\">\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1<\/span><\/span>\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\"><span title=\"\u201cThe next step would be to broaden the comparison to a wider variety of social species.\u201d For example, \u201cthis could be done with primates,\u201d she said.\">\u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.the-scientist.com\/?articles.view\/articleNo\/42968\/title\/the-evolution-of-social-bees\/\">The Scientist<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd. \u039c\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf&nbsp;\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 10 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03ce\u03bd. \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd&nbsp;\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc Science, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd&nbsp;\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4,8],"tags":[81,24],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/854"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=854"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/854\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":855,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/854\/revisions\/855"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=854"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=854"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oreinomeli.gr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=854"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}